How the Probate Process Differs from State to State

The legal procedure following the death of a person (known as the decedent) is referred to as “probate.” Its purpose is to ensure the decedent’s assets are appropriately distributed according to their valid will, if there is one. The probate process consists of filings and hearings, and a probate judge will oversee the process.

The process generally involves different stages, including the validation of the decedent’s will, appraisal of their property, and settlement of taxes and debts. However, how the process goes will depend on the laws and regulations of the state the decedent lived in before their passing. Let us look at how the process of probating a will differs between states.

Filing Fees and costs

The determination of the costs and fees associated with filing probate can differ between states. In Florida, for example, the court charges a flat fee for filing a formal probate administration. However, in California, the court determines the probate filing fees based on the value of the decedent’s estate.

Furthermore, there may be additional costs, including fees for appraisers, attorneys, and accountants. How much these professionals charge for their services and tasks completed depends on the complexity of the estate and local rates.

The Probate Process Timeframe

The timeframe for completing the probate process varies according to the state, the estate complexity and size, and potential challenges. The process may take six to twelve months in some states, but it may take several years in others.

Furthermore, there is a deadline for filing documents and completing specific stages in the probate process, like submitting an asset inventory. These deadlines vary among states; in some states, you must file a probate within ten days; it may be shorter or longer in others.

Assets Considered When Calculating the Value of the Decedent’s Assets

Another thing that varies between states is the type of assets included in an estate’s value estimation. In some states, the court only considers probate assets such as individual-owned property and accounts. In other states, it may include non-probate assets like assets with designated beneficiaries or those jointly owned.

When determining the assets you can consider calculating the decedent’s estate’s value, you must follow your state’s specific guidelines. This is why it is essential to hire a local attorney who is familiar with the necessary laws, principles, and guidelines.

Dispute Resolution Procedures

Disputes relating to the estate can arise—such as disagreements among beneficiaries and challenges to the will's validity. The procedure for resolving these disputes will depend on the decedent’s state laws.

In some states, for example, you may use mediation or alternate resolution methods before litigation; in others, you can proceed to litigation. Also, the statute limitations for filing a claim against an estate or contesting a will vary among states.

Creditor Notification Requirements

How and when you notify creditors of the decedent’s death and probate process will depend on the decedent’s state laws. In some states, you must notify creditors directly; in others, you only need a public notice in a local newspaper. The time creditors submit their claims against the estate varies between states. In some states, you have a 60-day window; in others, you may have up to six months or more.

Conclusion

It would help if you had a good understanding of the laws in your area before you file for probate. “To increase your chances for the best possible outcomes, it is recommended to consult with an experienced probate attorney. They can help you gather and submit the required paperwork for the probate process and represent your interest in court if necessary,” says Probate Attorney Samah T. Abukhodeir of The Florida Probate & Family Law Firm.